Tuesday, 19 August 2014

Iranian photographers face the lash after criticising official's book

Pair from Qazvin province sentenced after posting negative reviews about local official's photography book
Sadeq Larijani
Head of the Iranian judiciary Sadeq Larijani. The country's court system has been criticised for unfair and corrupt decisions. Photograph: Atta Kenare/AFP/Getty Images
Two photographers in Iran have been sentenced to a total of 75 lashes after criticising an illustrated book published by a local official.
Both men, who are from Qazvin province, were put on trial when Mohammad-Ali Hazrati, the head of the local cultural heritage organisation, felt insulted by the negative reviews the pair had written in separate posts online about his photography book, "Qazvin, the Land of Times Past".
The photographers, Khalil Imami and Abbas Alipour, had criticised the official for using public money in publishing a book they felt lacked artistic merit. Hazrati's book is sponsored by Qazvin's municipality and reportedly distributed for free. He is also cultural adviser to Qazvin's governor.
Imami wrote a review in a weekly publication called Taban, saying that for a book of 216 pages published on expensive coated paper, it had little artistic value. Imami went into technical details to explain why he felt many of the book's 230 photographs had poor lighting, bad framing and distortions.
Hazrati retaliated by apparently using a pseudonym to publish a response in the same publication, branding Imami's review "insulting" and "partial". Alipour came to Imami's defence, questioning the official's photography credentials and exposing the identity behind the pseudonym.
Hazrati then filed a suit against the two men. A Qazvin court found them guilty of insulting the official and sentenced them to be lashed, local media reported.
"According to the initial verdict of the court, I have been condemned to 25 lashes for insulting [the author] and the other photographer sentenced to 50 lashes," one of the two told a local news website in Qazvin.
There have been similar cases in Iran. In 2012, cartoonist Mahmoud Shokraye was found guilty of insulting an MP, for which he was given a sentence of 25 lashes. The MP eventually withdrew his complaint after the case prompted widespread outrage.
When it comes to portrait photography, your camera, your light, your years of photographic know-how counts for little if you don't have a subject with substance.  The power of a portrait is in the people.  Do you reveal their essence?  Do you tell their story?
Choosing a subject with substance was not a problem for Wired Magazine but for journalist James Bamford and photographer Platon finding him was.

It took almost a year to arrange to interview and photograph Edward Snowden in Moscow, where he has sought asylum.
 

In 2013 Edward Snowden, a former National Security Agency contractor, leaked a number of classified documents to various media outlets, exposing the US government for what some would call crimes against the people.  Since then Snowden has been the most wanted man in the world as authorities try to bring him to "justice".

My name is Ed Snowden.  I use to work for the government and now I work for the public.
Producer: Editor in Chief - Scott Dadich
Creative Director: Billy Sorrentino
Director of Photography: Patrick Witty
Photographer: Platon
Editor: Sowjanya Kudva
Composer: Julia Kent
To learn more about the decoded files of the NSA and what they mean for you click here.

Monday, 18 August 2014

The Ultimate Guide to Composition - Part One: Just Say "No"keh

The Ultimate Guide to Composition - Part One: Just Say "No"keh

Composition – it’s perhaps one of the most important elements of photography. And with today’s technological marvels in lenses, it’s an even easier thing to forget – especially when bokehliciousis is so much more fun to talk about. Your composition is how you see – and that makes it infinitely more important than how out of focus the background is.
Obsession with bokeh is bad for your photography. There, I said it, and I know it's not a popular opinion when there are a lot of people out there that drool over this very thing. Bokeh not only lets you obsess about something pretty insignificant, but it oftentimes makes for lazy composition. Henri Cartier-Bresson, Richard Avedon, William Eggleston, Alfred Eisenstaedt. These were not photographers obsessed with the shallowest depths of fields – these were iconic photographers capable of producing iconic photographs built on the foundations of masterful compositions and superb timing. Forget f/1.2. Think about what's around you, and use that to build a better photograph.
Keep in mind that these compositional “rules” are really just “guides” and don’t need to be followed to exacting precision (or sometimes even at all). Not every rule of composition can work well with every scene. Overall, composition helps to bring balance. And remember, as Tony Roslund says, the most important thing is talent. “All the other stuff is great, but it won’t help an otherwise shitty image.”
Center Composition
Let’s begin with the most obvious type of composition – center composition. If one were to hand a camera to an aunt, and ask her to take a picture, she would most likely photograph the subject in the center of the frame. Center composition places the important thing in the middle. When it’s done well, it excels in the use of symmetry. Center composition is like roasting a chicken. It’s easy to do, but it’s hard to do really well.
For truly great examples of center compositions, we refer to Wes Anderson.
Center compositions can be broken down even farther than the overall objects and can use the position of things like facial features to actually indicate the next rule…
Rule of Thirds
Once we learn a thing or two about composition, we start to use this. This is the first of the photographer’s “Golden Rules.” The Rule of Thirds says that an image should be divided into nine equal parts by two evenly spaced vertical and two evenly spaced horizontal lines. Important compositional elements should be along these lines or at intersections. These intersections are called “eyes.” A person’s closest eye to the camera should be placed at one of these intersections.
Using an off-center composition creates more tension and visual interest than a typical center composition would. These compositions can be basic with only one subject….
…or they can be much more complex, using multiple intersections and lines to draw the viewers eyes around the image.
Golden Triangles
This rule works by having strong diagonal lines pass through the image, dividing it into three (or four) triangles. The strongest line (called a major line) divides and dominates the image diagonally. Then, from one corner, an intersecting line connects to the diagonal line perpendicularly (this is called a reciprocal line).
In some cases, a third line extends from the opposite corner creating another reciprocal line.
The resulting triangles all have the same ratios – also know as golden (explained much more in depth below). This works really well on images with perspective or strong architectural elements, but it also works well when wanting the subject to fill the entire frame. Putting elements of composition on a diagonal plane gives them a more dynamic presence.
The Diagonals (Baroque and Sinister Diagonals)
One of the best things a photographer can do is study paintings and art history. Beyond the study of light, color palettes, color theory and the fact that it was the dominant visual medium for millions of years, studying great painters is the key to expert composition. When everything in a scene must be methodically arranged and obsessed over and placed just so in the frame, we are able to begin to understand why things are placed how they are. One of the more common compositions in art (do in large part to the boom of this style during the Baroque period) is using diagonal lines.
There are two predominant kinds of diagonals – “Baroque” and “Sinister”. Baroque Diagonals are read from left to right and Sinister Diagonals are read from right to left. One can only assume that this is an allusion to the notion that lefties burn in hell. In an amazing read by Adam Marelli, he breaks down the work of Alfred Eisenstaedt by using this “Sinister” composition of ballerinas.
We notice the ballerina on the left (her face is at the eye and the only face visible – therefore she is the subject), looking to the right, drawing our eye in that direction across the image, creating the diagonal, and lining up with other important compositional elements (like the pointed toe). Read a much more comprehensive breakdown of Eisenstaedt’s work on Adam Marelli’s blog.
Golden Ratio / Golden Rectangles / Golden Spiral
Classic thinkers from Plato to Pythagoras to Kepler believed that geometry is a powerful underpinning of the cosmos. Plato supposedly even said, “God geometricizes continually.” Leonardo da Vinci had an obsession with proportions – creating large areas of his work around the exact proportions of the Golden Ratio. So did Salvador Dali. As this particular rule of composition is a little complex, let’s break it down.
-The Golden Ratio describes an aesthetically pleasing proportion where the largest shape is divided by a perfect square, and the resulting rectangle is in exact proportion to the original one – all the way down the drain. This, subsequently, results in a sort of spiral (more on that below).
-The Golden Ratio is based on the Fibonacci Sequence (0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, …) where each number is the sum of the previous two. The actual formula for the ratio is:
Algebraically, this is shown as:
This results in the number 1.618 (approximately). This is like rounding Pi to 3.14, but this number is called Phi. Using this number helps to illustrate the ratio.
Imagine this rectangle has a width of 1 and length of 1.618. When we divide this up using the Golden Ratio, the result is that every square would have a 1:1 ratio and the leftover rectangle would always be 1:1.618. This method isn’t limited to rectangles and squares though. It also works on circles, triangles, pyramids and various other geometric forms. Theothiuacan (the South American pyramids) as well as the Great Pyramids of Egypt both use the Golden Ratio. Stonehenge, Angkor Wat in Cambodia, the Temples of Baalbek, the Parthenon, the Great Mosque of Kairouan, Notre Dame and the Mona Lisa, all use the ratio. It’s found in the human body, in seashells, in hurricanes. Obviously, the Golden Ratio is pretty important. That’s because it’s EVERYWHERE.

When we draw a curve along the outer edge of the perfect square’s intersection, we are given the golden spiral. It’s simply an easier way to illustrate the Golden Ratio in a more fluid way.
Come back for Part Two next week when we discuss Frame Within a Frame, the Gestalt Principles,Negative Space and more. Stay tuned!

DigitalRev Shows You How to Do Hyperlapse Photography with Basic Gear


If you’ve been toying around with time-lapse photography and want try the next logical evolution, or if you simply want a fun photography project for the weekend, this quick hyperlapse how-to from the fun folks over at DigitalRevTV has you covered. (Warning: Some strong language)
After explaining the basics and going over a few of the challenges you might run into on your first hyperlapse try, Kai wisely decides to enlist the help of talented hyperlapse photographer Patrick Cheung.
Screen Shot 2014-08-16 at 2.21.48 PM
From that point on the video gets a good bit more informative, with Cheung explaining the math involved in shooting a hyperlapse scene and offering some useful tips (e.g. According to Cheung, it’s actually better to use a monopod when shooting hyperlapses).
Of course, a 7-minute video won’t get you making videos like this one, but it’s a great first step if you’re wanting to experiment with the genre.
So heck out the video at the top to see the quick how-to for yourself, and be sure to stick around until the end to see some great hyperlapse examples from Cheung’s portfolio.
(via ISO 1200)

‘Soldiers’ Inventories’ Photo Series Details 1,000 Years of Gear Worn in War


Huscarl, Battle of Hastings, 1066
Thom Atkinson, a U.K. photographer, spent nine months working on an incredibly detailed and interesting project, titled Soldiers’ Inventories. It consists of 13 photographs, each depicting the weapons, clothing, armor, and personal items that British soldiers have worn in battle over time.
The series starts with the Battle of Hastings, which took place in 1066, and ends in 2014, with the gear of the Royal Engineers, based in the Helmand Providence. Shields, chainmail, yo-yos, checkers, gas masks, guns and more make an appearance over the incredibly thorough collection of battle gear used over the course of the past millennium.
Take a look below to view the remainder of the collection that Atkinson was kind enough to share with us.
Mounted Knight, Siege of Jerusalem, 1244
Mounted Knight, Siege of Jerusalem, 1244
Fighting Archer, Battle of Agincourt, 1415
Fighting Archer, Battle of Agincourt, 1415
Yorkist Man at Arms, Battle of Bosworth, 1485
Yorkist Man at Arms, Battle of Bosworth, 1485
Trained Band Caliverman, Tilbury, 1588
Trained Band Caliverman, Tilbury, 1588
New Model Army Musketeer, Battle of Naseby, 1645
New Model Army Musketeer, Battle of Naseby, 1645
Private Sentinel, Battle of Malplaquet, 1709
Private Sentinel, Battle of Malplaquet, 1709
Private Soldier, Battle of Waterloo, 1815
Private Soldier, Battle of Waterloo, 1815
Private Soldier, Rifle Brigade, Battle of the Alma, 1854
Private Soldier, Rifle Brigade, Battle of the Alma, 1854
Private Soldier, Battle of the Somme, 1916
Private Soldier, Battle of the Somme, 1916
Lance Corporal, Parachute Brigade, Battle of Arnhem, 1944
Lance Corporal, Parachute Brigade, Battle of Arnhem, 1944
Royal Marine Commando, Falklands Conflict, 1982
Royal Marine Commando, Falklands Conflict, 1982
Close Support Sapper, Royal Engineers, Helmand Province, 2014
Close Support Sapper, Royal Engineers, Helmand Province, 2014
To take a look at the full inventory of each image, you can head on over to The Telegraph’s coverage of the series. If you’d like to check out more of his work, you can keep up with Atkinson over on his website.

Thursday, 14 August 2014

Eerie Long Exposure Photos of Crowds


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Frank Machalowski is an award-winning German photographer, who lives and work in Berlin. After studying economic studies in Berlin and applying himself to various trades he works today as a freelance photographer and artist.
Portrait
PetaPixel: Tell us about your project, Monster. What inspired you to make it?
Frank Machalowski: I grew up in Berlin, a city that never sleeps like many metropolitan cities in Europe and around the world. Here are many festivals, concerts, demos, sports events and tourist crowds. All these events attract many people.
Sometimes I’m fascinated by these masses, but in some cases it is repulsive for me. Every characteristic of individuality disappears in a mass of people. So I looked to capture that feeling in a photographic project. I started this series in 2012.
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PP: It’s interesting how this series depicts the movement and busyness of city-life. Talk about the process of making these images, and what did you look for when deciding on a scene to photograph?
FM: I make the pictures for this project with an old analog medium format camera, a tripod and some different ND-filters. I develop the negatives on my own.
The question of technique is fairly simple. What’s more complicated is the management of the places and events. I start a photo walk with a look at the daily newspaper or relevant websites, to search for events which attract many spectators. If I don’t know the place, I visit the location of the event some days or weeks before it starts. Then I take some pictures in order to verify that it is worth making for this series. Therefore I am looking for unusual architecture or special sights and landmarks and places wherever people come together and move — a steady flow… but mostly it is a random process.
This year I was in Barcelona, the final game of the soccer cup took place there. Three days before the game started, I visited the FC Barcelona Stadium to search for some interesting places. I found what I was looking for, but in the end, there where thousands of people, but there wasn’t enough movement. In the end I took some interesting pictures for my project, but it wasn’t as I was expected.
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PP: The title “Monster” is interesting to me, because it works as a way of characterizing the masses of people that are moving through your images. It’s almost like you see the flow of people as something negative, or even grotesque. What are your reasons behind the project name?
FM: Do you know the TV series ‘Lost’? There was a faceless, mysterious presence, which was called ‘monster’ by the protagonists. When I saw the first photos of my series, I had to reflect about this. A faceless, anonymous mass, which looks like a moving fog. Except the appearance, I found the title very interesting. In the history of mankind, there where enough examples, that crowds turn into monsters. I think the pictures of my series create more negatives emotions (for me).
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PP: Do you normally find inspiration in media like television and movies? Have movies helped to inspire any of your other projects?
FM: I’m a movie junky, but i don’t like everything. I love well-designed films and strange stories. If I had pick up two movies I would choose, this must be ‘Fight Club’ by David Fincher and ’12 Monkeys’ by Terry Gilliam. I think my series ‘tierwald’ was greatly influenced by this film (12 Monkeys), a world nearly without humans, only animals who populating the planet. In this project I transfer the setting from the city into a foggy forest.
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PP: Talk about some of the individuals, teachers or mentors who have helped to influence your understanding of photography.
FM:There are many photographers and artists I admire much. I love the subtle poetic visual language of Sugimoto, Ackermann’s purposeful treatment of light, and the artistic skills of daily life from Bresson. All of the three are masters of B&W photography.
As a child I learned the foundations of darkroom work from my father. He was an amateur photographer and built a small darkroom in the cellar of our house. I think, this was my first contact with the medium of photography.
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PP: What is your overall philosophy when it comes to image-making? And what are the ideas that tie all your projects together?
FM: I don’t know, but I am always looking for other representation of frequently seen pictures, like my series ‘multiexpo’. I’m fascinated by the contrasts of urban life and deserted landscapes (I try to put this in my project wald//stadt). I simply want people looking at my works to ask themselves: How on earth did he do that? And having them getting stuck on the picture. All of my projects were made full with analog techniques.
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PP: Finally, what’s coming up for you over the next year, in photography or in general?
FM: All my photographic projects have not yet been completed, so I will continue this work. Then I’m a part of the project called ‘Berlin Photography,’ which has launched this year with an eight exhibition series. I exhibit there next year. Last but not least, I want to try to find a gallery which will represent my work.

From PetaPixle